Europe’s ecosystems, like many around the globe, are facing unprecedented challenges that jeopardise not only the environment but also human well-being and economic stability. Despite efforts to protect certain habitats, much of Europe’s biodiversity remains in decline, with 81% of protected habitats in poor or bad condition. Nature restoration in Europe is no longer an option—it is a necessity. Here’s why.
1. Nature is the foundation of human well-being
Nature provides indispensable ecosystem services that sustain our lives. It purifies the air we breathe, filters the water we drink and supports the pollinators essential for growing food.
And yet, degradation is rampant:
- Pollinator crisis: Over 84% of crops in the EU rely on insect pollination. With pollinator populations plummeting, food security is at risk.
- Degraded soils: A staggering 60-70% of soils in Europe are degraded, undermining agriculture and resilience to extreme weather events.
By prioritising the restoration of ecosystems like wetlands, forests and grasslands, Europe can revive these critical services across the continent.
2. Combating climate change through nature restoration in Europe
Healthy ecosystems are vital in the fight against climate change. They act as carbon sinks, mitigate extreme weather impacts and regulate local climates. Restoration efforts can bolster these natural defences:
- Carbon sequestration: Expanding wetlands, peatlands and forests boosts the planet’s capacity to absorb greenhouse gases.
- Urban heat mitigation: Green spaces in cities can temper the deadly effects of heatwaves, which caused between 77,000 and 129,000 deaths in Europe from 1980 to 2020.
Restoring nature offers a cost-effective way to adapt to and mitigate the impacts of climate change, supporting Europe’s goal of climate neutrality.
3. Biodiversity preservation
Biodiversity loss in Europe is at a critical juncture. Many species and habitats are on the brink due to land-use changes, pollution and overexploitation. Restoration can reverse these trends:
- Improved protected areas: While protected areas make up 26% of Europe’s land, they often lack resources and connectivity. Restoration can enhance these areas, creating robust ecosystems that support diverse species.
- Resilience building: It is known that restored habitats are better equipped to withstand climate shocks and human pressures into the future.
A healthier biodiversity directly translates into more resilient ecosystems, benefiting both nature and society.
4. Economic benefits of Europe’s nature restoration
Investing in nature restoration isn’t just environmentally sound—it’s economically smart. According to estimates, restoring ecosystems across the EU could yield monetary benefits of approximately €1,860 billion, far outweighing the €154 billion costs. The return on investment is substantial, with €8 to €38 gained for every €1 spent.
- Enhanced agriculture: Sustainable farming practices supported by healthy ecosystems reduce reliance on chemicals and improve crop yields.
- Tourism and recreation: Restored landscapes attract eco-tourism, fueling local economies.
Next steps: Policies and commitments
Europe has recognized the urgency of restoration. The EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2030 and the proposed Nature Restoration Law aim to restore at least 20% of degraded ecosystems by 2030, expanding efforts to all ecosystems by 2050. These policies align with global commitments like the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
However, alongside policy interventions, the role of private corporations and green investment funds cannot be overstated in the race to combat nature degradation. Combining public finances with private investment is the key to reaching landmark goals.
Dulra is developing a cutting-edge nature restoration management platform designed to help nature-based solution projects secure funding by converting raw ecological, climate and socio-economic data into actionable reports for funders. Learn more.
